Language Focus: Linking Words and Phrases

Linking words and phrases can help a writer maintain flow and establish clear relationships between ideas. Consider the table below which lists some of the more common linking words and phrases, arranged according to their function and grammatical use.

Table 1 Linking Words and Phrases

Addition

furthermore

in addition to

in addition

moreover

Adversativity

although

despite the fact

despite

even though

however

in spite of

Cause and Effect

because

therefore

because

since

as a result

as a result of

due to

consequently

hence

thus*

Clarification

in other words

that is (i.e.)

Contrast

while

in contrast

unlike

whereas

however

on the other hand

conversely

Illustration

for example

for instance

Intensification

on the contrary

as a matter of fact

in fact

Reference: Swales, John M. and Christine B. Feak. Academic Writing for Graduate Students. Essential Tasks and Skills. Second Edition.