Key Terms Used in Essay Questions 

Updated 06/23/03 by D.Hogan
Poway Unified School District
©February 2003

analyse             to break something up into its component pieces and to explain how those pieces relate to the whole 

classify             to place persons or things together in categories based on common elements 

compare          to show how things are similar and why the similarities are important

contrast           to show how things are different and why the differences are important

define              to explain the meaning of a term often using examples to clarify or illustrate the definition

describe           to tell what something looks like, to give a general overview of something

discuss             to talk about a vague term, generally meaning to explain an issue from several points of view

evaluate           to make a judgment in comparison to a model or a set of criteria, to look at both sides and then judge

examine           to look closely and in-depth at an issue

explain             to tell how something works, to clarify, to describe a process

identify             to list, explain, or provide an example of; to describe the most important aspects that distinguish a  
       subject from other things

illustrate          to show the reader a general concept or principle by using  specific examples

interpret           to identify the significance, meaning, or importance of a set of information. Interpret the data from the  
       experiment.

justify               to show the advantages of a position or claim

list                    to provide many examples

outline             to organize information, listing major and minor points and illustrating how the ideas relate to one      
       another

reflect              to think back over what is significant to you and why, often calls for personal connection

refute               to disprove an assertion using logical reasons, evidence, and explanations

review               to repeat the key elements of the topic, keeping in mind the order in which they were presented

state                 to briefly present the facts or your position

summarise      to briefly present the main points of an issue

support            to provide proof for an assertion in the form of reasons, evidence, and explanations

trace                to follow a single idea over a period of time


 

Additional definitions:


demonstrate

calculate

conclude

derive

explore